Amblyopia, one cause of vision loss in children, is the reduction in vision that occurs because the brain ignores the image received from the eye. Loss of vision may not be recoverable if not diagnosed and treated before the age of 8 years.
CAUSE
A child's visual channel is not fully developed at birth. Visual system and brain need to be stimulated with a clear, focused, properly aligned, the accumulation of images from both eyes to be able to develop properly. These developments occurred mostly occurred in the first 3 years of age but not perfect until the age of about 8 years.
If the brain does not get to appropriate visual stimuli from the eye during the period of development, the brain learns to ignore (hold) images of the eye, causing vision loss. If the detention persist long enough, vision loss can be permanent. There are several reasons for the lack of visual stimulation properly, each of which can cause a type of amblyopia.
Refractive Amblyopia: Amblyopia can be caused by uncorrected refractive error or refractive imbalance, usually farsightedness or astigmatism, especially if there is a big difference between the two eyes.
Amblyopia Strabismic: eye misalignment (strabismus) can also cause amblyopia. Produce only one of two views of each eye that is usually combined or united into a single view of the brain and then integrated to produce three-dimensional view and high levels of depth perception. The ability of the unification of display in early childhood develops. If both look so out of alignment so that they can not be combined together, the brain hold the view, ignoring the input from that eye.
The brain was aware of the appearance of the affected eye even though the eye may be structurally normal. In adults, because the visual channel has been developed, to understand the two different display produces double vision (diplopia) rather than loss of vision. AmblyopiDeprivasi: The third type of amblyopia developing during or cloudy eye lens opacity (cataract) or cornea to reduce or alter the light entering the eye.
SYMPTOMS
Children with amblyopia may be too young to explain the symptoms. These children may wink, cover one eye with the hand, or have one eye that does not look the same direction as the other eye, it can indicate problems that require examination. Children, though, often seem not to have problems. If one eye to see well and others not, keep pace with both the child and not see a different function than their peers.
Diagnosis
By doing so, to find out the problem in visual development, vision screening in children should begin as early as possible during the examination ana and continued during childhood. In some areas, preschool children are screened by local and regional volunteers. Every time a child reaches school age, screening is done in schools by health practitioners. If problems are found during screening, the child should go to an ophthalmologist, either an ophthalmologist or an ophthalmologist.
TREATMENT
Treating amblyopia involves forcing the brain to use visual display of eye problems. Sometimes this is accomplished with a simple way to correcting refractive errors with glasses. More often, doctors "helping" normal eye ", to strengthen the eye by placing an additional lens on the back or using eye drops to blur vision, the good eye. If strabismus is the cause, should be repaired after the vision was equated between the eyes. Cataract or Other opacity in the eye may require surgery.
Treatment should be started on time, preferably at 2 to 4 years. Faster treatment carried out, would give a faster response as well. Amblyopia due to any cause is not treated before age 8 usually can not be fully repaired. Effective amblyopia treatment failure can cause permanent blindness in the affected eye.
PREVENTION
The sooner amblyopia or amblyopia risk factors are known, are more likely to amblyopia can be prevented or repaired. Therefore, the child's vision screening program should be supported by the community.
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